Producción Científica

The expansion of photovoltaic systems emphasizes the crucial requirement for effective operations and maintenance, drawing insights from advanced maintenance approaches evident in the wind industry. This review systematically explores the existing literature on the management of photovoltaic operation and maintenance. Through the integration of bibliometric analysis and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework, 186 articles are selected for further comprehensive review. The selected articles are examined and categorized into four interconnected research domains: maintenance strategies, performance indicators, degradation modeling, and maintenance optimization and planning. The presented analysis underscores the importance of integrating maintenance strategies to enhance system effectiveness. It also emphasizes the necessity of a systematic approach that integrates reliability assessment with economic and technical considerations to optimize maintenance planning and enhance system availability and resource efficiency. This aligns with the Sustainable Development Goals for affordable, reliable, and sustainable energy, while also ensuring grid security. Furthermore, the study identifies gaps and proposes avenues for improvement, recommending a shift towards prognostic approaches and the advancement of predictive maintenance in photovoltaic systems. Key suggestions also include customizing metrics for large installations, implementing adaptive protocols that move away from traditional component-centric scheduling, and using reinforcement learning to prioritize risk and optimize long-term performance. Compared to previous reviews focusing on specific maintenance elements, this work provides a broader perspective by incorporating planning and organizational factors into the maintenance discussion.

Understanding the adsorption mechanisms and interaction of dye pollutants and microplastics in natural water is vital to evaluating potential risks. This review article discusses the bibliometric analysis and the adsorption behavior of dyes to microplastics. The review also examined the impact of environmental (salinity, pH, and temperature) and physicochemical (particle size and active area) factors on dye uptake by microplastics. The maximum amount of Cyan dye adsorbed onto polyethylene microplastics was reported to be 2874.4 mg/g. Polystyrene (PS) microplastics exhibited the highest adsorption capacity for aniline (0.060 mg/g) due to its surface area of 0.7214 m2/g. In 50 % of dye uptake studies on microplastics, the equilibrium condition was reached within 24 h. However, in a few cases, equilibrium was achieved in 8 days. The desorption efficiency of malachite green in the simulated gastric fluid at high temperatures was 81.4 %. The concentration of dyes in the isotherm studies of their adsorption by microplastics varied widely (5–160 mg/L). According to the criterion of R2 > 0.95, the Langmuir isotherm demonstrates a better fit with the data in most of the studies. The lowest uptake of dyes was observed at a pH of 1.5 under the same conditions. Studies have shown that higher temperatures can increase the ability of microplastics to attract and release organic and inorganic pollutants. The potential ecological effects of ‘microplastic-dye’ on organisms and the methods for removing microplastics were investigated. This paper has provided data for the assessment of the potential risks of ‘microplastic-dye’ to aquatic organisms.