Research on forest carbon storage (FCS) is crucial for the sustainable development of human society given the context of global climate change. Previous FCS studies formed the science base of the FCS field but lacked a macrolevel knowledge summary. This study combined the scientometric mapping tool VOSviewer and multiple statistical models to conduct a comprehensive knowledge graph mining and analysis of global FCS papers (covering 101 countries, 1712 institutions, 5435 authors, and 276 journals) in the Web of Science database as of 2022, focusing on revealing the macro spatiotemporal pattern, multidimensional research status, and topic evolution process of FCS research at the global scale, so as to grasp the status of global FCS research more clearly and comprehensively, thereby facilitating the future decision-making and practice of researchers. The results showed the following: (1) In the past three decades, the number of FCS papers indicated an increasing trend, with a growth rate of 4.66/yr, particularly significant after 2010. These papers were mainly from Europe, the Americas, and Asia, while there was a huge gap between Africa, Oceania, and the above regions. (2) For the research status at the national, institutional, scholar, and journal levels, the USA, with 331 FCS papers and 18,653 total citations, was the most active and influential country in global FCS research; the United States Forest Service topped the influential ranking with 4115 citations; Grant M. Domke and Jerome Chave were the most active and influential FCS researchers globally, respectively. China’s activity (237 papers) and influence (5403 citations) ranked second, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences was the most active research institution in the world. Currently, FCS research is published in a growing number of journals, among which Forest Ecology and Management ranked first in the number of papers (154 papers) and citations (6374 citations). (3) In recent years, the keyword frequency of monitoring methods, driving factors, and reasonable management for FCS has increased rapidly, and many new related keywords have emerged, which means that researchers are not only focusing on the estimation and monitoring of FCS but also increasingly concerned about its driving mechanism and sustainable development.
