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PT AU BA BE GP AF BF CA TI SO SE BS LA DT CT CY CL SP HO DE ID AB C1 C3 RP EM RI OI FU FP FX CR NR TC Z9 U1 U2 PU PI PA SN EI BN J9 JI PD PY VL IS PN SU SI MA BP EP AR DI DL D2 EA PG WC WE SC GA PM OA HC HP DA UT J Fonseca, BDFE; Albuquerque, PC; Noyons, E; Zicker, F Fonseca e Fonseca, Bruna de Paula; Albuquerque, Priscila Costa; Noyons, Ed; Zicker, Fabio South-south collaboration on HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment research: when birds of a feather rarely flock together GLOBALIZATION AND HEALTH English Article South-south collaboration; Co-authorship; HIV; Low- and middle-income countries; Scientific collaboration COST-EFFECTIVENESS; MALE CIRCUMCISION; HIV PREVENTION; HEALTH; CAPACITY; SCIENCE; KENYA Background: South-south collaboration on health and development research is a critical mechanism for social and economic progress. It allows sharing and replicating experiences to find a "southern solution" to meet shared health challenges, such as access to adequate HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment. This study aimed to generate evidence on the dynamics of south-south collaboration in HIV/AIDS research, which could ultimately inform stakeholders on the progress and nature of collaboration towards increased research capacities in low-and middle-income countries (LMIC). Methods: Bibliometric and social network analysis methods were used to assess the 10-year (2006-2015) scientific contribution of LMIC, through the analysis of scientific publications on HIV/AIDS prevention and/or treatment. Five dimensions oriented the study: knowledge production, co-authorship analysis, research themes mapping, research types classification and funding sources. Results: Publications involving LMIC have substantially increased overtime, despite small expression of south-south collaboration. Research themes mapping revealed that publication focus varied according to collaborating countries' income categories, from diagnosis, opportunistic infections and laboratory-based research (LMIC single or LMIC-LMIC) to human behavior and healthcare, drug therapy and mother to child transmission (LMIC-HIC). The analysis of research types showed that south-south collaborations frequently targeted social sciences issues. Funding agencies acknowledged in south-south collaboration also showed diverse focus: LMIC-based funders tended to support basic biomedical research whereas international/HIC-based funders seem to cover predominantly social sciences-oriented research. Conclusions: Although the global environment has fostered an increasing participation of LMIC in collaborative learning models, south-south collaboration on HIV/AIDS prevention and/or treatment research seemed to be lower than expected, stressing the need for strategies to foster these partnerships. The evidence presented in this study can be used to strengthen a knowledge platform to inform future policy, planning and funding decisions, contributing to the development of enhanced collaboration and a priority research agenda for LMICs. [Fonseca e Fonseca, Bruna de Paula; Albuquerque, Priscila Costa; Zicker, Fabio] Oswaldo Cruz Fdn Fiocruz, Ctr Technol Dev Hlth CDTS, Av Brasil 4036,8th Floor,Room 814, BR-21040361 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil; [Noyons, Ed] Leiden Univ, Ctr Sci & Technol Studies CWTS, Leiden, Netherlands Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS); Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz; Leiden University; Leiden University - Excl LUMC Fonseca, BDFE (corresponding author), Oswaldo Cruz Fdn Fiocruz, Ctr Technol Dev Hlth CDTS, Av Brasil 4036,8th Floor,Room 814, BR-21040361 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. bfonseca@cdts.fiocruz.br Albuquerque, Priscila C/L-4884-2015; Zicker, Fabio/I-4138-2012 Albuquerque, Priscila C/0000-0001-8185-024X; Zicker, Fabio/0000-0002-9751-7430; Noyons, Ed/0000-0002-3103-2991; Fonseca, Bruna de Paula/0000-0002-8795-2578 Brazilian National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq) [458100/2014-15, 440231/2015-9] Brazilian National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq)(Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPQ)) This work was supported by the Brazilian National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq), grants # 458100/2014-15 and 440231/2015-9. 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