","

"Authors","Author full names","Author(s) ID","Titles","Year","Source title","Volume","Issue","Art. No.","Page start","Page end","Page count","DOI","Cited by","Link","Affiliations","Authors with affiliations","Abstract","Indexed Keywords","Author Keywords","Molecular Sequence Numbers","Chemicals/CAS","Funding Details","Funding Texts","References","Correspondence Address","Editors","Tradenames","Manufacturers","Publisher","Conference name","Conference code","Conference location","Conference date","Sponsors","ISSN","ISBN","CODEN","PubMed ID","Language of Original Document","Abbreviated Source Title","Document Type","Publication Stage","Open Access","Source","EID" "Garbern S.C.; Hyuha G.; González Marqués C.; Baig N.; Chan J.L.; Dutta S.; Gulamhussein M.A.; López Terán G.P.; Manji H.K.; Mdundo W.K.; Moresky R.T.; Mussa R.Y.; Noste E.E.; Nyirenda M.; Osei-Ampofo M.; Rajeev S.; Sawe H.R.; Simbila A.N.; Thilakasiri M.C.K.; Turgeon N.; Wachira B.W.; Yang R.S.; Yussuf A.; Zhang R.; Zyer A.; Rees C.A.","Garbern, Stephanie Chow (57190610454); Hyuha, Gimbo (57375315600); González Marqués, Catalina (57204522335); Baig, Noor (57816523200); Chan, Jennifer L (27067584900); Dutta, Sanjukta (57195362557); Gulamhussein, Masuma A (57676055400); López Terán, Gloria Paulina (57816362100); Manji, Hussein Karim (57214986417); Mdundo, Winnie K (57374678200); Moresky, Rachel T (7801613613); Mussa, Raya Yusuph (57374991700); Noste, Erin E (56197283200); Nyirenda, Mulinda (16048316500); Osei-Ampofo, Maxwell (55392338900); Rajeev, Sindhya (57816362200); Sawe, Hendry R (55392476000); Simbila, Alphonce Nsabi (57289991100); Thilakasiri, M.C. Kaushila (57816362300); Turgeon, Nikkole (57218648214); Wachira, Benjamin W (37075844500); Yang, Rebecca S (57816046800); Yussuf, Amne (57541322200); Zhang, Raina (57816684000); Zyer, Alishia (57221862723); Rees, Chris A (57383332100)","57190610454; 57375315600; 57204522335; 57816523200; 27067584900; 57195362557; 57676055400; 57816362100; 57214986417; 57374678200; 7801613613; 57374991700; 56197283200; 16048316500; 55392338900; 57816362200; 55392476000; 57289991100; 57816362300; 57218648214; 37075844500; 57816046800; 57541322200; 57816684000; 57221862723; 57383332100","Authorship representation in global emergency medicine: A bibliometric analysis from 2016 to 2020","2022","BMJ Global Health","7","6","e009538","","","","10.1136/bmjgh-2022-009538","2","https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85134771255&doi=10.1136%2fbmjgh-2022-009538&partnerID=40&md5=7f03de87ee5bd24293922ce7074988db","Department of Emergency Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States; Emergency Medicine Department, Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Emergency Medicine Department, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Division of Global Emergency Medicine and Humanitarian Studies, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Emergency Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan; Department of Emergency Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; CrisisReady, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Emergency Medicine, Fortis Hospital, Kolkata, India; Servicio de Emergencia, Hospital Santa Inés de Ambato, Ambato, Ecuador; Servicio de Emergencia, Hospital General Ambato, Ambato, Ecuador; Accident and Emergency Department, Aga Khan Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Department of Population and Family Health, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States; Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States; Adult Emergency and Trauma Centre, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Ministry of Health Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi; Emergency Medicine Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi; Emergency Medical Services, Ghana National Ambulance Service, Accra, Ghana; Department of Internal Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States; Postgraduate Institute of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka; University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States; Accident and Emergency Department, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States; Bryant University, Smithfield, RI, United States; Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States; Department of Emergency Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States","Garbern S.C., Department of Emergency Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States; Hyuha G., Emergency Medicine Department, Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Emergency Medicine Department, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; González Marqués C., Division of Global Emergency Medicine and Humanitarian Studies, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Baig N., Department of Emergency Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan; Chan J.L., Department of Emergency Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, CrisisReady, Boston, MA, United States; Dutta S., Department of Emergency Medicine, Fortis Hospital, Kolkata, India; Gulamhussein M.A., Emergency Medicine Department, Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Emergency Medicine Department, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; López Terán G.P., Servicio de Emergencia, Hospital Santa Inés de Ambato, Ambato, Ecuador, Servicio de Emergencia, Hospital General Ambato, Ambato, Ecuador; Manji H.K., Emergency Medicine Department, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Accident and Emergency Department, Aga Khan Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Mdundo W.K., Emergency Medicine Department, Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Emergency Medicine Department, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Moresky R.T., Department of Population and Family Health, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States; Mussa R.Y., Emergency Medicine Department, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Noste E.E., Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States; Nyirenda M., Adult Emergency and Trauma Centre, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Ministry of Health Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi, Emergency Medicine Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi; Osei-Ampofo M., Emergency Medical Services, Ghana National Ambulance Service, Accra, Ghana, Department of Internal Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Rajeev S., Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States; Sawe H.R., Emergency Medicine Department, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Simbila A.N., Emergency Medicine Department, Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Emergency Medicine Department, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Thilakasiri M.C.K., Postgraduate Institute of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka; Turgeon N., University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States; Wachira B.W., Accident and Emergency Department, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya; Yang R.S., Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Yussuf A., Emergency Medicine Department, Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Emergency Medicine Department, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Zhang R., Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States; Zyer A., Bryant University, Smithfield, RI, United States; Rees C.A., Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States, Department of Emergency Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States","Introduction High-income country (HIC) authors are disproportionately represented in authorship bylines compared with those affiliated with low and middle-income countries (LMICs) in global health research. An assessment of authorship representation in the global emergency medicine (GEM) literature is lacking but may inform equitable academic collaborations in this relatively new field. Methods We conducted a bibliometric analysis of original research articles reporting studies conducted in LMICs from the annual GEM Literature Review from 2016 to 2020. Data extracted included study topic, journal, study country(s) and region, country income classification, author order, country(s) of authors' affiliations and funding sources. We compared the proportion of authors affiliated with each income bracket using 2 analysis. We conducted logistic regression to identify factors associated with first or last authorship affiliated with the study country. Results There were 14 113 authors in 1751 articles. Nearly half (45.5%) of the articles reported work conducted in lower middle-income countries (MICs), 23.6% in upper MICs, 22.5% in low-income countries (LICs). Authors affiliated with HICs were most represented (40.7%); 26.4% were affiliated with lower MICs, 17.4% with upper MICs, 10.3% with LICs and 5.1% with mixed affiliations. Among single-country studies, those without any local authors (8.7%) were most common among those conducted in LICs (14.4%). Only 31.0% of first authors and 21.3% of last authors were affiliated with LIC study countries. Studies in upper MICs (adjusted OR (aOR) 3.6, 95% CI 2.46 to 5.26) and those funded by the study country (aOR 2.94, 95% CI 2.05 to 4.20) had greater odds of having a local first author. Conclusions There were significant disparities in authorship representation. Authors affiliated with HICs more commonly occupied the most prominent authorship positions. Recognising and addressing power imbalances in international, collaborative emergency medicine (EM) research is warranted. Innovative methods are needed to increase funding opportunities and other support for EM researchers in LMICs, particularly in LICs. © ","article; bibliometrics; emergency medicine; funding; health care policy; high income country; human; low income country; middle income country; writing","health policies and all other topics; other study design","","","HIC","The fact that the global health field remains heavily dominated by HIC funders and much of global health funding is granted to researchers from HICs has recently been called to greater attention. This power imbalance is illustrated by HIC institutions and researchers often setting the agenda and making funding allocation decisions without consideration for LMIC partner priorities. This often perpetuates LMIC researcher dependence on HIC counterparts for research opportunities and funding. As GEM projects are often funded by HIC institutions, efforts to decolonise the GEM field and restore power to local researchers with respect to funding decisions and priority-setting are needed to increase equity. Increasing the funding opportunities specifically for LMICs researchers may play a large role in recognising the expertise of LMIC researchers and allowing professional growth beyond the role of data collector and collaborator into one of setting the agenda, designing the research and disseminating results. We also found that over-representation of HIC authors was more pronounced in multicounty studies, with less than half of the studies including at least one author from each study country. Potential explanations for this finding are the amount of funding needed for larger multicountry studies may be more likely to come from large HIC funding sources, the more complex and potentially hierarchical power dynamics involved in large international collaborations or that the resources needed for larger studies such as research administration and support tend to be in HICs. ","Koplan JP, Bond TC, Merson MH, et al. Towards a common definition of global health. Lancet 2009;373:1993-5.; Hedt-Gauthier BL, Jeufack HM, Neufeld NH, et al. Stuck in the middle: A systematic review of authorship in collaborative health research in Africa, 2014-2016. BMJ Glob Health 2019;4:e001853.; Rees CA, Ali M, Kisenge R, et al. Where there is no local author: A network bibliometric analysis of authorship parasitism among research conducted in sub-Saharan Africa. BMJ Glob Health 2021;6:e006982.; Rees CA, Lukolyo H, Keating EM, et al. 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Eliminating the Fogarty international center would be bad for the health of Americans. N Engl J Med 2017;377:9.; Tennant JP, Waldner F, Jacques DC, et al. The academic, economic and societal impacts of open access: An evidence-based review. F1000Research 2016;5:632.; Gardner UG, Thompson PS, Burton J, et al. Article processing charge Waiver policies as a barrier to oncology scholarship in low-And Lower-Middle-Income countries. JCO Glob Oncol 2021;7:1413-7.; Rees CA, Keating EM, Dearden KA, et al. Importance of authorship and inappropriate authorship assignment in paediatric research in low? and middle?income countries. Trop Med Int Health 2019;24:13295:1229-42. doi:10.1111/tmi.13295","S.C. Garbern; Department of Emergency Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, United States; email: sgarbern@brown.edu","","","","BMJ Publishing Group","","","","","","20597908","","","","English","BMJ Glob. Health","Article","Final","All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access","Scopus","2-s2.0-85134771255"