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Artículo

Massive seasonal high-altitude migrations of nocturnal insects above the agricultural plains of East China

Resumen

Long-distance migrations of insects contribute to ecosystem functioning but also have important economic impacts when the migrants are pests or provide ecosystem services. We combined radar monitoring, aerial sampling, and searchlight trapping, to quantify the annual pattern of nocturnal insect migration above the densely populated agricultural lands of East China. A total of ~9.3 trillion nocturnal insect migrants (15,000 t of biomass), predominantly Lepidoptera, Hemiptera, and Diptera, including many crop pests and disease vectors, fly at heights up to 1 km above this 600 km-wide region every year. Larger migrants (>10 mg) exhibited seasonal reversal of movement directions, comprising northward expansion during spring and summer, followed by southward movements during fall. This north–south transfer was not balanced, however, with southward movement in fall 0.66× that of northward movement in spring and summer. Spring and summer migrations were strongest when the wind had a northward component, while in fall, stronger movements occurred on winds that allowed movement with a southward component; heading directions of larger insects were generally close to the track direction. These findings indicate adaptations leading to movement in seasonally favorable directions. We compare our results from China with similar studies in Europe and North America and conclude that ecological patterns and behavioral adaptations are similar across the Northern Hemisphere. The predominance of pests among these nocturnal migrants has severe implications for food security and grower prosperity throughout this heavily populated region, and knowledge of their migrations is potentially valuable for forecasting pest impacts and planning timely management actions.
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2317646121
Massive seasonal high-altitude migrations of nocturnal insects above the agricultural plains of East China
2024
hybrid
https://www.pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.2317646121
Jianrong Huang; Hongqiang Feng; V. Alistair Drake; Don R. Reynolds; Boya Gao; Fajun Chen; Guoyan Zhang; Junsheng Zhu; Yuebo Gao; Baoping Zhai; Guoping Li; Caihong Tian; Bo Huang; Gao Hu; Jason W. Chapman
Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Key Laboratory for Integrated Crop Pests Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, International Joint Research Laboratory for Crop Protection of Henan, No. 0 Entomological Radar Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Henan Province, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China; Centre for Ecology and Conservation, and Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, United Kingdom; School of Science, UNSW Canberra, The University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT 2610, Australia; Institute for Applied Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia; Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham, Kent ME4 4 TB, United Kingdom; Department of Computational and Analytical Sciences, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom; Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China; Shandong Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China; Centre for Ecology and Conservation, and Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, United Kingdom
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